Best LENR Investments or at Least Companies to Watch
Low Energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR) or cold fusion isn't a safe enough investment to put your retirement money in yet. On the other hand it could be a good risky or speculative investment for those with a social conscious and a lot of extra money to spend. There are some companies that could generate a substantial profit in the LENR field in the next few decades. These include giant corporations that are dabbling in LENR and startups trying to capitalize on new inventions.
NASA has Applied for a LENR Patent
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration or NASA the US government's space agency has apparently filed a patent application for a low energy nuclear reaction (LENR) energy source. Joe Zawodny a Senior Research Scientist at the agency's Langley Research Center made that revelation in a blog entry dated January 14.
How Do Thermosyphon Systems Work
A syphon, as any elementary science student and efficient gasoline thief knows, is a tube that transports liquid up and out of a container at one level to a second container at a lower level all with the help of atmospheric pressure. As kids we made syphons just by sucking air out of a piece of hose or rubber tubing to create a vacuum and get the liquid flow started.
Operation Of The Invention
Close switch 3 to connect feed wires 1 and 2 to transformer leads 6 and 7. Adjust spark-gap 10 and variable capacitor 11 so that a frequency of 500 KHz and 100 KV is delivered from secondary leads 14 and 15 of step-up transformer 8 of Fig.1. Next adjust spark-gap 21 of transmission antenna 14 so that all nodes and peaks are eliminated in the transmission of the 100 KV and 500 KHz frequency along antenna 14.
The Hydraulic Ram Pump
Further losses occur in the distribution and use of the electricity. This mechanical hydro-power device is well established for domestic and farm water pumping at remote sites, where there is a steady flow of water at a low level. The momentum of the stream flow is used to pump some of the water to a considerably higher level. For example, a stream falling 2 m below can be made to pump 10 of its flow to a height 12 m above.
Rossi has Radically Redesigned Ecat, more Test Data Leaked
Photographs and test data leaked from a recent third party test of Andrea Rossi's ecat low energy nuclear reaction (LENR) device indicate that the inventor has radically redesigned the technology. The same pictures and data could also make it easier for others to replicate Rossi's results . Pictures released with the first paper show a much smaller ecat assembly it appears to be about the width of a broom handle. It also only appears to be less than a foot long.
Engine Jacobs Lma Hp
Kellett KD-1 BAutogiro toed to curry mail pom Philadelphia's Thirtieth Street Post Office to Central Airport in adjoining Camden, Nra gt jersey. Captain John Miller, Eastern Airlines' Aulogiro pilot. Kellett Photo leading mail in Eastern Airlines' KD-1B Autogiro at Camden, New jersey for a trip to the roof of Philadelphia's Thirtieth Street Post Office. Kellett Photo Kellett KD-1 BAutogiro toed to curry mail pom Philadelphia's Thirtieth Street Post Office to Central Airport in adjoining Camden,...
Power Supply Decoupling Problems And Techniques
Power supply decoupling is the term given to the technique of making sure the DC power line variations do not affect the loads amplifier, ICs, logic gates, etc. and vice versa. Since most ICs have AC signals as inputs and outputs, the current drawn from the power supply will vary in an AC manner. For example, an RF circuit that amplifies a 900 MHz signal will draw a supply current that varies at 900 MHz. A digital CMOS circuit that buffers a 100 MHz digital signal will also draw a supply...
Application for Patent No
Viktor Schauberger at Wien-Hadersdorf, Austria, 4th March 1940. Processes and Equipment for the Atomic Transformation of Droppable Liquids or Gaseous Substances. It is known that atomic transformation has been carried out by way of atomic destruction without having achieved any useful economic or commercial results in the process. It is also known that dissociation and recombination, therefore the rearrangement of the atoms, can be effected in the substrate with the aid of catalytic processes....
Design Principle for the Repulsator
Fig. 25 Repulsator cross-sectional drawing Fig. 25 Repulsator cross-sectional drawing A Water-Ennobling Device must satisfy the Following Criteria a The water must be able to in-roll on itself, as happens in a natural waterfall. b The water must be able to breathe in order to be to take up added ingredients. These substances can be of solid, liquid or gaseous nature. c A temperature-gradient must evolve the water must be cooled from 17 C 62.6 F down to 4 C 39.2 F , its condition of greatest...
Teslas Self Sustaining Electrical Generator
Adapted from Proceedings of the Tesla Centennial Symposium, 1984 Abstract Before the discovery of the electron, the principle theory used to describe the electrical activity was that of the ether. At the turn of this century, the ether theory in use by science was a remnant of the concept common in western thought for several centuries. This situation favored the rise of atomic theory. This change in scientific paradigm requires a translation from 19th century terminology into 20th century...
Charles Flynn Device
1 - 1 1 - 1 The Wang Shum Ho permanent magnet 1 - 9 The Dave Squires variation of the 1 - 13 The 'Carousel' permanent magnet 1 - 18 The Robert Tracy permanent magnet 1 - 20 The Invention Intelligence permanent magnet - 23 The Stephen Kundel permanent magnet - 24 Charles Flynn's permanent magnet - 25 Magnetic lines of force from a standard bar - 30 Chapter 3 Motionless Pulsed systems Graham Gunderson's Solid-State Electric 3 - 1 Dan Davidson's Acoustically-coupled - 17 Michael Ognyanov's...
Chapter Aerial Systems
It is generally thought that aerials are not capable of gathering much power. The popular conception is that the only power available is low level radio waves from distant radio transmitters, and while it is certainly true that radio waves can be picked up with an aerial, the real sources of power are not radio transmitters. For example, we will be looking at information from Herman Plauston and he considered any aerial system of his which did not produce more than an excess power of 100...
Wind Turbine Design
Figure 5.11 Rotors with Vertical Axes Figure 5.11 Rotors with Vertical Axes opposite sides. Near the axis, the blades overlap so that the redirected wind can flow from one blade to the other. The rotor blades also utilize the lift principle so that the efficiency of the Savonius rotor is little better than that of simple drag devices. However, the efficiency is much worse than that of good lift devices, reaching maximum power coefficients of the order of 0.25 Hau, 2000 . Savonius rotors have...
Http Overunity.com Index.php Topic 2535.0.html
Here three discs are mounted on the shaft of a motor as shown here. These are insulated from each other and the conducting sectors are aligned, and so are the brushes. The arrangement gives a mechanical switching such that when the upper brushes are short-circuited together, the lower brushes are open-circuit. As there is a requirement for an inductive load for this circuit, the motor of a mechanical switching system could well form part of the load. Many people prefer solid-state switching to...
The Fuelless Engine Plans
In our early days of testing, we made many different types of magnet coils to run our small test motor, we left no stone unturned, we found out real fast which size wire was an amperage hog and which one proved worthy enough to be used in our free energy motor. We found that the 36 fine hair wire was the best but harder to work with. 30 copper coated wire will work, but 36 is better using thousands of winds, High Voltage and a PVC plastic Air core bobbin type coil. There are so many things yet...
Rankine Froude actuatordisk model
The simplest and oldest mathematical model which describes the wind turbine dynamics is the Rankine-Froude actuator-disk model. The concept was introduced by R.E. Froude in 1889 68 , after W.J.M. Rankine 231 had introduced the momentum theory. In this model the rotor is replaced by an actuator-disk, which is a circular surface of zero thickness than can support a pressure difference, and thus decelerate the air through the disk. Physically, the disk could be approximated by a rotor with an...
Side View
The coils are wound with the end plates attached and drilled ready to screw to their 1 4 inch 6 mm PVC bases, which are the bolted to the 3 4 inch 18 mm MDF supporting structure. To help the winding to remain completely even, a piece of paper is placed over each layer of the winding The three coils produced in this way were then attached to the main surface of the device. There could just as easily have been six coils. The positioning is made so as to create an adjustable gap of about 1 4 inch...
The Implosion Machine
An assembly of extracts from Implosion Magazine, Nos. 45, 56, 57, 58, 60 and 83. Every whorl-pipe is a tornado, a vortex. The flow-through material creates a space-spiral. From the starting point movement is both inwards and downwards at the same time. The whorl-pipe must be cone-shaped on its longitudinal axis. In experiments with cylindrical pipes few noteworthy effects were achieved. In addition, there is also a third direction of movement, which seems to be the most important.
Solar updraft tower power plants
For a solar updraft tower power plant the three components of glass roof collector, chimney and turbine are combined. The use of this combination for power generation was already described more than 70 years ago 5-26 . Fig. 5.24 Function principle of a solar updraft tower power plant Fig. 5.24 Function principle of a solar updraft tower power plant The principle, on which a solar updraft tower power plant is based, is shown in Fig. 5.24. The incident direct and diffuse solar radiation warms the...
Rd Platform The SmartPaktm Controller
SmartPAKTM is the world's first all solid-state FREE ENERGY or OVER-UNITY power management system that transforms ambient thermal environmental energy to excess electrical energy. It provides a standard platform for experimenters, researchers, and developers to do energy-related practical applications, experiments, and perform exploration of the OVER-UNITY phenomena. The theory of operation is based on the difference of energy between magnetization de-magnetization cycles of ferromagnetic...
Closed Path Homopolar Machine
D Trombly- Kahn-N Machine The Trombly -Kahn N Machine represents a new and improved version of classic 'N machine types. It is a departure from the past machines since it utilizes rotating electromagnets along with the central-''disc rotating component. The improved operation of the Trombly -Kahn N Machine is achieved by providing a low reluctance magnetic return path for the magnetic flux that passes through the central rotor- disc component. This low reluctance return path permits the...
Risk Assessment
Many of the inputs to the above evaluation methods will be highly uncertain at the time an investment decision must be made. To make the most informed decision possible, an investor should employ these methods within a framework that explicitly accounts for risk and uncertainty. Risk assessment provides decision makers with information about the risk exposure inherent in a given decision, i.e., the probability that the outcome will be different from the best-guess estimate. Risk assessment is...
Dynamic stall
Transient aerodynamics have another facet, called dynamic stall. Dynamic stall or stall hysteresis is a dynamic effect which occurs on aerofoils if the angle of attack changes more rapidly than the air flow around the blade or blade element can adjust. Dynamic stall was shown to occur under a variety of inflow conditions, including turbulence, tower shadow, and yawed flow 100 . The result is aerofoil lift and drag coefficients which depend not only on the instantaneous angle of attack...
Horace McCracken
Practically any seacoast and many desert areas can be made inhabitable by using sunshine to pump and purify water. A 10 gallon day solar still now purifies sea water for drinking, cooking and other household needs for a residence near George Town, Exuma, in the Bahamas. Solar energy does the pumping, purification, and controls seawater feed to the stills. This system uses three solar distiller pans 33 wide by 10'3 long. They are insulated, lined with a special corrosion-resistant membrane. The...
Things that Work Alternative Energy Engineerings High Lifter Pump
Let me start by saying that I am completely sold on the High Lifter pump for my application. My High Lifter is pumping 240 gallons per day from a 6 gallons per minute spring that is 132 feet downhill from my water tank. The High Lifter is located 26 vertical feet below my spring. Shipping Container and Documentation The High Lifter comes well wrapped in a 6 in. x 6 in. x 28 in.cardboard box. Alternative Energy Engineering uses recycled materials for packaging their products. The shipping weight...
Polarization Activation Tafel and Concentration
To determine actual cell performance, three losses must be deducted from the Nernst potential activation polarization, ohmic polarization, and concentration polarization. Definition of the ohmic polarization is simply the product of cell current and cell resistance. Both activation polarization and concentration polarization required additional description for basic understanding. Activation Polarization It is customary to express the voltage drop due to activation polarization by a...
Axial Momentum Theory
Across the disc caused by the rate of change of axial momentum as developed in Section 3.2.1 Equation 3.9 is additional to the pressure drop associated with the rotation of the wake and is uniform over the whole disc. If the wake did not expand as it slows down the rotational wake structure together with the rotational pressure gradient would not change as the wake develops whereas the pressure loss caused by the change of axial momentum will gradually reduce to zero in the fully-developed...
David Goes Electric
With solar and wind power working so well for our home, it seemed only natural to put it to use outdoors as well. Here's how I built a small tractor that has become a very valuable tool around the homestead. The project began with an old David Bradley walking tractor that a friend had given me. It would probably be easy to find a four wheel garden tractor to convert, but I wanted the two wheel design for several reasons. It is more maneuverable and lends itself to the attachment of a sickle-bar...
Kromrey Converter
FIGURE K-2 KROMREY CONVERTER SETUP 2 PICTURE C-l.l shows the second test setup. On the left side is the Kromrev Converter, powered by an electric motor center . Battery 2 is the battery in the front center right and battery is the one behind it. The voltmeter shows the voltage of battery 2. The 12 V light bulb is on the table in front of battery 2. Because the Kromrey Converter turned too slow on one 12 V battery, we decided to drive the Converter using 24 V via two 12 V batteries, connected in...
Testing and connecting
Check that the PMG has no faults before it is put into use. It will be much easier to correct the faults now, than to return the unit to the workshop later. Mount the spine vertically in a vice. The magnet rotors are free to move. The shaft is horizontal, as it will be in a wind generator. Check that the wires are not touching each other, creating a short circuit which makes the PMG harder to turn. Check that the rotor will spin freely. Spin the rotor and listen for sounds. There should not be...
How A Pmg Generator Makes Electricity
This manual describes how to build a 'permanent magnet generator' PMG . We can also call it an 'alternator', because it generates alternating current AC . It will not generate 'mains voltage' or 'utility power' AC. It generates low voltage, 'three phase' AC, and then changes it into 'direct current' DC for charging a 12 volt battery. The PMG see diagram 1 consists of - A stator containing coils of wire The stator contains six coils of copper wire, cast in fibreglass resin. This stator casting...
Axial Flux Generator Self Running
Salvaged Jacobs wind-electric units, with an estimated output of 2,500 W under the same analysis with 4,000 production hours in a year, have a present value of US 12,712. The cost of the three units we are running now was only US 1,050. Our batteries were also salvaged from microwave installations. These bargains made generating electricity with the wind economically appealing. Over time, we have recovered various wind generators Paris-Dunn, Wincharger, and Jacobs. The units were recovered from...
British Wind Energy Association
Written by Hugh Piggott Reviewed by Paul Gipe Finally, something to supplant Michael Hackleman's aging classic Wind and Windspinners. Windpower Workshop by Hugh Piggott is a welcome addition to any small wind turbine library and is a must if you want to, as the British say, Do It Yourself. Windpower Workshop is a 1997 release in the Centre for Alternative Technology's series on small wind turbines. For more than twenty years CAT has been demonstrating the use of alternative technology....
Power regulation and storage units
The normal power regulation strategy of a wind turbine is designed to combine optimisation of operation and limitation of the power to protect the wind turbine. Overall wind farm regulation of the power to meet the requirements of the grid is not so common, but some examples of voltage dependent power regulation are known. At Cronalaght wind farm in Ireland (Bindner, 1999a), the blade angle control is used to limit the power. At Bockstigen wind farm in Sweden, dump loads and disconnection of...
Stator construction
This section tells how to make a stator, using the jigs and moulds from section 3. It is a good idea to wind a coil before making the stator moulds, so that the mould can be checked for correct fit. Mount the reel of winding wire on an axle behind you, in line with the coil former. The wire should form an 'S' bend as it winds onto the coil diagram 26 . Bend the tail of the wire 90 degrees, at a point 100mm from the end. Do not handle the bend any other part of the wire leave it straight. Bent...
Solar Pumping Products
Main Street, Safford, AZ 85546 602 428-1092 Phone 602 428-1291 Fax A Graphic Guide to Solar Water Pumping live in New Mexico, where water is life, especially when the sun shines. I have been building solar-electric pumps for fifteen years, and I've seen lots of ways to get things wet without sucking from the power line. In previous Home Power articles I explained many of the details of water supply and solar pumping. In this article, I present a graphic overview of the entire design and...
Waves Photons Spacetime Curvature and Observation
Spacetime ST curvature involves not only the change of spatial energy density of local spacetime but also a change of its time-energy density. That component of the total ST curvature due to time-energy density change i.e., time-polarized EM photons and waves can be far more powerful, because of the enormous energy density of the time-energy compared to the far lies dense 3-spatial energy. As previously stated, time may be regarded as having the same energy density as mass, except that the...
Fast Furling Model
Jason Jonkman of NREL recently upgraded the FAST code to include furling effects 6 . The upgrades include a lateral thrust offset and skew angle of the rotor shaft from the yaw axis, rotor-fUrling and tail-furling degrees-of-freedom DOFs , up- and down-furl stops, and tail fin aerodynamics and inertia. The location and orientation of the new furling DOFs are completely user-specified, making the simulator flexible enough to model many furling wind turbine configurations. For example, to model a...
Calculation of brake disc temperature rise
The build up in temperature across the width of a brake disc over the duration of the stop can be calculated quite easily if a number of assumptions are made. First, the heat generated is assumed to be fed into the disc at a uniform intensity over the areas swept out by the brake pads as the disc rotates. This is a reasonable approximation for a high-speed shaft-mounted brake and for a low-speed shaft-mounted brake with several callipers until rotation has almost ceased, but the energy input by...
Self Running Fuelless Electrical Generator
The Carousel Permanent Magnet Motor Generator US Patent 5,625,241 presents the specific details of a simple electrical generator powered by permanent magnets alone. This generator can also be used as a motor. The construction is not particularly complicated It uses an arrangement where permanent magnets are associated with every second coil set around the...
Wind Speed Histograms
A wind speed histogram shows the number of hours or whatever time period is used the wind blew at each wind speed class Table 3.5 . Wind speeds were sampled at 1 Hz and averaged for 1 h, and year wind speed histograms for 1996-1999 were averaged to obtain a representative annual value. An average density of 1.1 kg m3 was used to calculate the average wind power potential. The average wind speed was 8.2 m s, and the average wind power potential was 467 W m2 for a height of 50 m. The plots of the...
Annual Energy Production Mwh Year Per Turbine
Rule of thumb, 5-10 m above the building. So tower should be around 25 m tall, which is 80 ft. Place it 10 m away from the building. 2. Rule of thumb, tower height should be 5-10 m above the trees or move tower farther away from trees. So tower should be 40 m tall. Need to look in a catalog for cost of towers guyed lattice tower would be the cheapest. Need to check manufacturer's brochure for recommended tower size strength of structure for that size wind turbine example, 10 kW from Bergey...
Asymmetrical Self Regauging
Figure 2-4 Heaviside nondiverged and Poynting diverged energy flow components. Contrast Lorentz's statement if applied to the ocean wind on a sailing ship, where the wind represents the total energy flow and the ship represents a single Maxwellian system under consideration. Figure 2-5 Lorentz in his sailing ship in an ocean wind, with no other ships around. Figure 2-5 Lorentz in his sailing ship in an ocean wind, with no other ships around. As shown in Figure 2-5, Lorentz's argument is...
Switching Circuits with Extended Electron Gas Relaxation Time
Suppose an instantly applied voltage to the high side of the circuit instantly potentializes a pair of circuit conductors, with the other acting as ground. The charges in the conductor are thus instantly potentialized and excited, so that through the external circuit there exists an E-field E, where E -V lt j between the high side of the circuit and the ground return side. An acceleration force on the energized electrons thus exists. It requires a finite time for the energized...
The Heaviside Component vs the Poynting Component
Unless Heaviside and Lorentz did rigorous calculations in a work we have not yet uncovered, we could not find any development of the functions and equations required for computing the numerical ratio of the unaccounted Heaviside dark energy flow nondiverged energy flow component that misses the circuit , to the tiny Poynting energy component thai strikes the surface charges of the conductors 211 and is diverged into the wires to power the circuit when the surface charges precess laterally into...
The Magnetic Wankel Engine
For baseline comparison, Figure 6-25 shows a conventional linear magnetic motor. As can be seen, due to the difference between magnetic poles, a magnetic field exists along the line of the linear track, from the end having the magnets separated the least to the end having the magnets separated the most. Figure 6-26 diagrammatically shows the scheme of operation of the magnetic Wankel engine. It is basically a linear magnetic motor, wrapped into almost but not quite a complete circle. A set of...
Bedinis Negative Resistor Process in a Battery
5.8.5.1 Some Pertinent Lead-Acid Battery Processes A lead-acid storage battery is a highly nonlinear device. The plates may be plante, pasted, or tubular etc. They are usually highly porous and have a thin oxide layer. They may have other coatings and the electrolyte solution may include additives to enhance operation. The plates consist of a mix of crystalline materials in most cases. The plate materials include acicular needle-like crystals, particularly the negative plate. The plates usually...
Strain to Stress Potential Energy Transduction
This is a diagrammatic representation of a fundamental strain-to-stress transduction mechanism we believe was involved in Tesla's single wire circuit i.e., his iterative retroreflecting circuit . At each end of the circuit, the electrons are trapped in the open outside end. Hence when EM energy rushes to the capacitor on one end of the circuit, the forward emf tries to strain the dielectric from the inner plate toward the outer plate. However, the trapped electrons in the outer...
Some Implications of Giant Negentropy
Giant negentropy has many envisioned impacts upon physics, such as a Allows development and use of negentropic EM circuits C0P gt 1.0 systems rather than entropic circuits. Once a broken 3-symmetry with stable 4-symmetry is established as by forming a dipole , it continues indefinitely unless deliberately destroyed. b Allows direct negentropic reordering of a practical and usable fraction of the vacuum's energy at will, at any point in the universe, easily and cheaply. c Provides for...
Broken Symmetry of the Dipole
To recap from Chapters 1 and 2 In 1956, Lee and Yang 187 strongly predicted broken symmetry in physics, suggesting experiments to detect it in the weak interaction. In early 1957, Wu et al. 188 experimentally demonstrated broken symmetry, thus furnishing the experimental substantiation of broken parity in the weak interaction. The emergence of broken symmetry was such a dramatic change to the view of physics, that in December of the same year, 1957, Lee and Yang were awarded the Nobel Prize....
Point Contact Transistor
Figure 5-8 diagrammatically shows a point-contact transistor with n-type base in a typical circuit for power gain. The point of the contact is under pressure on the material with which it is in contact. Figure 5-8 Point contacttransistor with n-type base. Figure 5-8 Point contacttransistor with n-type base. The point-contact transistor often behaved in true negative resistor fashion, outputting more energy than was input to it. Its production was always far more of an art than a science. As can...
Setting the Stage for Understanding Overunity Power Systems
Dissipative structures This leads precisely to a distinction between 'equilibrium structures' which may be understood in terms ofclassical equilibrium thermodynamics and 'dissipative structures'. The latter are formed and maintained through the exchange of energy and matter in non-equilibrium conditions. I. Prigogine 236 Internal brackets added for clarity. The energy in space itself What might appear to be empty space is, therefore, a seethingferment of virtual particles. A vacuum is not...
System Coefficient of Performance COP and System Efficiency
See again footnote 11 in Chapter 1 and Appendix A. In 1915, general relativity in fact destroyed several of the fundamental definitions axioms of classical thermodynamics. It necessitated our correction of some thermodynamical definitions open system and closed system and our more rigorous definitions of COP and efficiency advanced below. Once mass is recognized as energy and the two are just different sides of the same coin, there can be no thermodynamically closed system which passes energy...
Teslas Single Wire Circuit
See Figure 4-5, which diagrammatically shows one of Tesla's developments, which used a retroreflective single wire circuit between two large separated capacitances. This was the basic approach used in his magnifying transmitter and in several other circuits. Here the dipolarity exists between two accumulators, one at each end of a long conductive path with a load in the middle. AC operation is used, by setting up oscillation end-to-end along the single wire circuit, from accumulator to...
Russian Parametric Oscillator Power Systems
In leading physics institutes and laboratories in the 1930s, Russian scientists built COP gt 1.0 parametric oscillators, including some of appreciable size. The work is documented in the literature 362a-k , both in Russia and in France. The devices were developed and tested in several Russian laboratories. With linear loads, the oscillators would progressively build to self-destruction. With nonlinear loads, the devices would stabilize and power themselves and their loads, at a level depending...
The Suicidal Closed Unitary Current Loop Circuit
The present Lorentz-Maxwell-Heaviside theory, by which EM circuits and electrical power systems are designed, produces only systems in net usable equilibrium with the active vacuum, specifically during the symmetrically regauging discharge of the circuit's excitation energy Figure 2-7 . Hence all present EM systems designed by that model rigorously conform to classical equilibrium thermodynamics, and exhibit a coefficient of performance COP of COP lt 1.0. Since the Maxwell-Heaviside equations...
Grays Splitting the Positive Pole Engine
One of the real pioneers in early application of causal positron energy was inventor Edwin V. Gray of Van Nuys California. In WW II Gray learned radar during his tour in the U.S. Navy, having previously attended advanced engineering school in the Army until discovered to be under age 15 and discharged. After the war, by 1958 he had learned to perform what he called splitting the positive pole, using cold electrical energy his name for negative EM energy as well as the normal positive electrical...
Reinterpreting Whittakers Decomposition of the Scalar Potential
As previously stated, we applied and re-interpreted Whittaker 1903 decomposition of the potential 85 between the ends of the dipole. The scalar potential is actually a harmonic set of bidirectional longitudinal EM wavepairs, where each wavepair consists of an outgoing EM longitudinal EM wave in real 3-space and an incoming EM longitudinal EM wave in the complex plane. Hence we have a new and novel EM energy flow symmetry in 4-space, where as seen by the observer the broken 3-symmetry of the...
The Fogal Charge Barrier Device
Figure 5-7 shows an illustration from one of William Fogal's patents 314 on a new kind of transistor more accurately, a charge barrier device . Fogal's device incorporates a very special electrolytic capacitor133, which introduces optical-type functions as well as the more familiar capacitor functions. Blocks electron current flow i dq dt - As capacitor charges electrons in emitter junction attracted to plate - Charging plate produces high barrier - AC conduction electrons cannot penetrate...
Krons Negative Resistor
One of the greatest American electrical scientists was Gabriel Kron. Working for General Electric GE , Kron built a true negative resistor in the 1930s, which could power itself and the network analyzer127 at Stanford University, under a GE support contract with the U.S. Navy. Here is a direct quote from Kron 306 to show what we refer to When onlypositive and negative real numbers exist, it is customary to replace a positive resistance by an inductance and a negative resistance by a capacitor...
Alphabetical Index of Devices
Acoustic Electrical Generator, Dan - 15 Acoustic-magnetic electrical generator patent, Dan - 427 Aerial power systems patent, Hermann - 485 Alternator Design, Prof. Kevin - 34 Atomic Hydrogen generator, William - 7 Battery-charging patent, John - 434 Battery replacement patent, Richard Weir and Carl - 470 Battery technology, Ronald Knight - 3 Cold electricity capture, Dave - 10 Cold electricity capture, Dave - 118 Compressed-air oil engine, Eber Van - 29 Controlled magnetic devices patent,...
Fuel Cell Calculations
Example 10-1 Fuel Flow Rate for 1 Ampere of Current (Conversion Factor Derivation) What hydrogen flow rate is required to generate 1.0 ampere of current in a fuel cell (This exercise will generate a very useful conversion factor for subsequent calculations.) For every molecule of hydrogen (H2) that reacts within a fuel cell, two electrons are liberated at the fuel cell anode. This is most easily seen in the PAFC and PEFC because of the simplicity of the anode (fuel) reaction, although the rule...
Internal Reforming
In a conventional fuel cell system, a carbonaceous fuel is fed to a fuel processor where it is steam reformed to produce H2 as well as other products, CO and CO2, for example , which is then introduced into the fuel cell and electrochemically oxidized. The internal reforming molten carbonate fuel cell, however, eliminates the need for a separate fuel processor for reforming carbonaceous fuels. This concept is practical in high-temperature fuel cells where the steam reforming reaction35 can be...
Pcb Transmission Lines
Proper use of transmission lines is the key technique to reducing unwanted parasitics, radiated emissions, emission susceptibility, and crosstalk. In other words, proper use of transmission lines is the most important design tool for maintaining EMC and signal integrity. Electronics designers should not view EMC as something that can be handled with shields, ferrites, and so on. Although these techniques are useful, they work more as a remedy than as a cure. Because of the importance of...
Advantages Disadvantages
The fuel cell types addressed in this handbook have significantly different operating regimes. As a result, their materials of construction, fabrication techniques, and system requirements differ. These distinctions result in individual advantages and disadvantages that govern the potential of the various cells to be used for different applications. PEFC The PEFC, like the SOFC, has a solid electrolyte. As a result, this cell exhibits excellent resistance to gas crossover. In contrast to the...
Fuel Cell Energy
Oxygen flows through the cathode and methane flows past the anode. Negatively charged oxygen ions migrate through the electrolyte membrane and react with the hydrogen to form water, which reacts with the methane fuel to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen. This electrochemical reaction generates electrons, which flow from the anode to an external load and back to the cathode, a final step that both completes the circuit and supplies electric power.
Natural Gas Fueled Pressurized SOFC System
This natural gas fuel cell power system is based on a pressurized TSOFC combined with a combustion turbine developed by Siemens Westinghouse 52 . Most TSOFC power plant concepts developed to date have been based on atmospheric operation. However, as shown in 53. The referenced Siemens Westinghouse publication presented the cycle concept and overall performance values. Neither specific stream information nor assumptions were presented. The stream data and assumptions presented here were...
Electrochemical Society Extended Abstract Fall Meeting 1976 Las Vegas
Soc., 129, 942, 1982. 2. H.C. Maru, L.G. Marianowski, Extended Abstracts, Abstract 31, Fall Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, October 17-22, 1976, Las Vegas, NV, Pg. 82, 1976. 3. J. Mitteldorf, G. Wilemski, J. Electrochem. Soc., 131, 1784, 1984. 4. H.C. Maru, A. Pigeaud, R. Chamberlin, G. Wilemski, in Proceedings of the Symposium on Electrochemical Modeling of Battery, Fuel Cell, and Photoenergy Conversion Systems, edited by J.R. Selman and H.C. Maru, The...
Semiconductor Device Splits Carbon Dioxide
Chemists at the University of California, San Diego, have demonstrated a prototype device that can capture energy from the sun, convert it to electrical energy and split carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen. The device is not yet optimized it still needs external energy for the process to work. However, the researchers hope that their results will encourage interest in the device.
Stationary Electric Power
One of the characteristics of fuel cell systems is that their efficiency is nearly unaffected by size. This means that small, relatively high efficient power plants can be developed, thus avoiding the higher cost exposure associated with large plant development. As a result, initial stationary plant development has been focused on several hundred kW to low MW capacity plants. Smaller plants several hundred kW to 1 to 2 MW can be sited at the user's facility and are suited for cogeneration...
Conducted Versus Induced Versus Radiated Interference
In EMC literature and EMC regulations the mechanisms of electromagnetic interference are divided into two categories, conducted and radiated. Historically, this categorization has been used in the regulations and, unfortunately, it continues today. I use the word unfortunately because both near-field coupling and far-field radiation are lumped under the term radiated emissions. While experts in electromagnetics are quite familiar with the difference between near-field coupling and far-field...
How Should a Solar Collector Be Tilted
Supports Mylar, Tediar or Kalwall Glazing Supports Mylar, Tediar or Kalwall Glazing Don't confuse orientation with tilt Orientation describes the direction the panel faces, while tilt describes its angle of inclination. Tilt is a little more touchy. Ideally the collector should be at right angles 90 degrees to incoming solar rays, but this can't happen all the time if the panel stays in a fixed position. After all, the difference between the sun's altitude in June and its altitude in December...
How Should You Insulate Your Storage Tank
Keeping heat in a hot water storage tank is like trying to keep a leaky inner tube pumped up. No matter how hard you try, you're constantly fighting a losing battle. Some heat will always escape. How much insulation is enough It's theoretically impossible to over-insulate a solar hot water system, but here are some minimums There should be at least 3-1 2 inches of fiberglass insulation or its equivalent behind the absorber plate in the solar collector, as we already know. There should be at...
Solar Irradiance on the Surface of the Earth
Values measured on the surface of Earth are usually lower than the solar constant. Various influences of the atmosphere reduce the irradiance. They are reduction due to reflection by the atmosphere reduction due to absorption in the atmosphere mainly O3, H2O, O2 and CO2 reduction due to Rayleigh scattering reduction due to Mie scattering. The absorption of light by different gases in the atmosphere, such as water vapour, ozone and carbon dioxide, is highly selective and influences only some...
Calculation of the Solar Angle of Incidence
The solar angle of incidence 0hor on a horizontal surface is a direct function of the sun height yS. This angle is also called the zenith angle dZ The calculation of the angle of incidence 0tilt on a tilted surface is more complicated. The surface azimuth angle at describes the deviation from the south. If the surface faces to the west, at is positive. The inclination angle yt describes the surface tilt or slope of the surface. If the surface is horizontal, yt is zero. Figure 2.13 visualizes...
Stamp Plot Software
Before going too much further it would be best to concentrate on the StampPlot Pro graphical plotting software that will add a tremendous visual aid to the experiments. We will be using the StampPlot Pro version with the Free Home Educational Standard License. Developed by two professors, Martin Hebel and Will Devenport at Southern Illinois University, the StampPlot graphic plotting software brings the voltages produced in the experiments alive Figure 1-1 shows just one example of a single...
Differential Thermostat
The single, AC powered, Grundfos circulating pump. The single, AC powered, Grundfos circulating pump. The liquid-to-liquid heat exchangers. These transfer the sun's heat into your domestic hot water system. In my setup, one heat exchanger extracts the heat from the water glycol mixture in the collection loop and transfers it to the water in the storage tank. The other heat exchanger warms the city water in the delivery system by transferring the heat from the water in the storage tank to the...
Benefits of a biogas plant
Like natural gas, biogas has a wide variety of uses, but, as it is derived from biomass, it is a renewable energy source. There are many other benefits to be derived from the process of converting substrates in a biogas plant. The economic pressure on conventional agricultural products always continues to rise. Many farmers are forced to give up their occupation, since their land no longer brings sufficient yield. However, the production of biogas is subsidized in many countries, giving the...
Transdimensional Technologies Inc
There is also ongoing important propulsion work at Transdimensional Technologies, Inc. of Huntsville, Alabama 540 . Founded in 2000 by its chief scientist, Jeffrey Cameron, the company has developed several novel propulsion and lifting mechanisms. Independent tests of some of these systems have been accomplished by Jean-Louis Naudin, and the results can be seen on his website previously cited . Figure 8-1 Naudin's replica ofthe Transdimensional Technologies lifter. Figure 8-1 Naudin's replica...
Jean Louis Naudin
Jean-Louis Naudin is a tireless researcher in the fields of COP gt 1.0 systems and processes, and in the field of lifters, inertial thrusters, and possible antigravity systems. His website is a cornucopia of information, patent references, inventions, processes, and replications or replication attempts by Jean-Louis and others who regularly work on such things and communicate with him. The website is http jnaudin.free.fr . From there, one may click on the various parts of the site and on the...
You ARE now on page
Our online Energy21 newsgroups groups Our Energy 2000 general newsgroup home page Our Energy 2000 actual inventions newsgroup home page Buyers and supporters only group restricted to purchases of this CD Main front page website links The complete content list for movies on this CD A Radiant Energy Diatribe by Bruce Perreault How to Build an Efficient Alternative Energy Device by Bruce Perreault A permanent magnet, pulsed DC electromagnet motor Archie Blues Hydrogen producing ELECTROLYTIC CELL...
The Asynchronous Generator
Asynchronous or induction machines operating as motors are the most widely used electromechanical converters. In an induction machine the stator is identical to the one for synchronous machines shown in Figure 4.3 in which three-phase currents supplied to the stator produce a rotating magnetic field RMF . The rotor, however, is radically different and it has neither an external magnetizing source nor permanent magnets. Instead, alternating currents are injected in the rotor from the stator...
Hazard Identification Techniques
Depending on the extent of the consequences of the potential major hazards, the sources of hazard may be determined by simple means such as checklists, or by more complex methods such as HAZOP, FMEA, F amp EI, and so on. The study uses the FMEA method to identify potential hazards related to the hydrogen system. The following section describes these methods. The word of HAZOP is an abbreviation for hazard and operability study. HAZOP 107 is a simple yet structured methodology for hazard...
Flammability
Three things are needed for a fire or explosion to occur a fuel, oxygen mixed with the fuel in appropriate quantities and a source of ignition. Hydrogen, as a flammable fuel, mixes with oxygen whenever air is allowed to enter a hydrogen vessel, or when hydrogen leaks from any vessel into the air. Ignition sources take the form of sparks, flames, or high heat. All fuels burn only in a gaseous or vapour state. Fuels like hydrogen and methane are already gases at atmospheric conditions, whereas...
Copper Cricket Solar Water Heater
I have only one design principle apart that it should work whenever I engineer anything it should be simple. Thus I was deeply smitten by the concept of the Copper Cricket Solar Water Heater when it was first described in these pages HP 8 . It was the design I was waiting for to substitute the sun for our water tank's electric heater. No pumps, no electricity, no wires, no relays, no solenoids, NO MOVING PARTS -- and it would pump from the roof 30 feet above my tank in...
Interventions with Oil Addicts
James Hansen, the director of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies sees a 10-year window of opportunity to reverse the growth in carbon dioxide emissions. Checking green house gases could limit an increase in global temperatures to 1 degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit) while taking no action would result in drastic consequences. Two somewhat significant events in terms of American federal policy happened recently.
Solar Hydrogen Production by Electrolysis
Walt Pyle, Jim Healy, Reynaldo Cortez 1994 Walt Pyle, Jim Healy, Reynaldo Cortez Why would anyone want to produce hydrogen at home Hydrogen can be used as a non-toxic energy storage and transport medium. Hydrogen that is made from water using solar energy is a sustainable and renewable home energy supply. Make hay (or hydrogen) while the sun shines. Then use the stored hydrogen to produce heat and electricity on demand, day or night We got excited about solar hydrogen production during the...
More Information about Brillouin LENR Technology Available
Brillouin Energy Corporation is making a lot more information about its low energy nuclear reaction technology available to the media. In a lengthy interview with Pure Energy Systems News' Sterling D. Allen Robert Godez Brillouin's chief technology officer and inventor of a process he calls Controlled Electron Capture Reactions or CECR made some very interesting revelations. Brillouin's CEO Robert W. George II was also on hand for the interview.
Gas Turbines
Gas turbines are an often-used electricity production technology. The first studies of gas utilization to actuate turbines started at the end of the nineteenth century however, the first efficient gas turbines started to operate in 1930. A gas turbine consists of a compressor, a combustion chamber, and a turbine FIGURE 5.1 Power system with multiple energy sources. 1 air intake section 2 compression section 3 combustion section 4 turbine section 5 exhaust section 6 exhaust diffuser. Residential...
Heat Exchanger
A single-wall, tube-in-tube heat exchanger can easily be built from readily available parts. Most solar hot water systems that operate in freezing conditions use a heat exchanger. A heat exchanger is a device that allows a hot fluid to heat a cooler fluid without the two fluids mixing. I am a plumber by trade, but basic soldering skills are all you need to construct your own simple heat exchanger. In this article, I'll show you how to build a simple, single-wall, tube-in-tube heat exchanger for...
Whatever Emperor Fossil Wants
Not specifically addressing my quandary, Tom Philpott nonetheless did address the issue, when he challenged claims that ethanol from corn is only a bridge to a bright future with cellulosic ethanol. Sometimes referred to as a PCFB (Pressurized Circulating Fluidized Bed) system, a CFB (Circulating Fluidised Bed) boiler is an example of fluidized bed combustion. The system shown above is for the gasification of biosolids, a.k.a., sewage sludge.
The flows of energy and matter
The undisturbed energy cycle Based on the material presented in sections 2.2 and 2.3, and in particular on the net radiation summary, Fig. 2.16, it is now possible to construct a schematic flow chart for the energy conversion and transport taking place in the Earth-atmosphere system (averaged over the year and geographical position). The result of such an attempt is shown in Fig. 2.86.
Major British Investment Fund could Put Money into LENR
A major British investment fund headed by a prestigious player in the City of London could be putting money into Low Energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR ) research including possibly Andrea Rossi's e-cat technology. Neil Woodford CBE courtesy Woodford Investment Management Woodford Investment Management has joined Cherokee Investment Partners in investing in LENR research, Cherokee's CEO and Founder Tom Darden revealed in an interview with Fortune .
Regulation Crowdfunding could Jump Start LENR Industry
A new kind of financing called Regulation Crowdfunding could provide an important new source of money for low energy nuclear reaction (LENR) research and development. Regulation crowdfunding could also make it far easier for average people to invest in LENR and profit from it. Crowdfunding is the use of the internet to raise small sums of money from large numbers of investors.
McKubre Convinced by Lugano and Moscow Ecat Experiments
One of the world's most experienced experts on cold fusion or low energy nuclear reaction (LENR) has reviewed the Lugano Test of Andrea Rossi's ecat LENR device and Russian scientist Alexander Parkhomov's attempt to replicate it. Dr. Michael C.H. McKubre who has reviewed and participated in many LENR experiments is convinced that both experiments achieved nuclear reactions and generated excess heat. Michael McKubre with David Firshein and Fran Tanzella of Brillouin at SRI last year.